Charge-producing device for internal-combustion engines



BRUSH. CHARGE PHODUCHJG DEJICE FUR HJTERNAL CWB USHC'N ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 5|, 352].

aeni Oct, S? i9? tube.

LANSN E. BRUSH, GF ETROIT,

CHRGE-PGDUGING DEVICE FR INTERMVCMBUETE EN'GNES.

To z/.Z trito/11, 'it may concer/1 yBe it known vthat l, ALxNsoN l.BRU-su, a citizen o'lf the lUnited States, residing at Detroit, in thecountyv oi" llvayne, and tltate of Michigan, have invented a certain newand uset'ul lin'u'noveuient in (lharige-Produr-.

Vspra)Y particles of fuel in a charge .mixture produced in a carburetorwhich is arranged below the cl'iarge mixture distribuluig passages ofthe associated internal combustion engine, and from which, therefore,the charge mixture must be conveyed upward through'v a suitablel conduitto such charge mixture distributing passages. 4

More especially, the object is to provide means by which said 'sprayparticles will be heated enough to vaporize theni, and withoutsubstantially heating the remainder ot'l the charge mixture.

Another object is to cheaply adapt this invention to conventionalconstruct-ions.

ln the drawing, Fig. i is a vertical central section through theearbureter and the lisbaped tube by which the charge mixture formed inthe carbureter is conveyed to the charge mixture distributing passageports ot the engine; Fig'. .2 is plan lvieu' of the saine with thehorizontal part ot theel-shaped tube shown partly in section, and Fig, 3is a side view troni the lett side ot Fig. l.

' Referring to the parts by reference characters, 10 represents thevertical branch and 12 the horizontal' branch ot an t.shaped Thevertical branch may be ot any desired length and is intended to hesuitziiblj,1 connected with the charge mixture distributing passages ot'the associated internal coinbustion engine. The horizontal branch isopen at its end for the admission ot' air which will be drawn into thesaine on the suction strokes ot' the engine. A nozzle tube 9 extendsacross this horizontal branch, and in a part 13 thereof which isinteriorly of venturi shape; and this nozzle tube has a jet opening 9through which fuel will be ,drawn into the air stream which is owingthrough said Lshaped tube, thereby forming the charge mixture'. The partot the horizontal branch Whichs Venturi shape Application filed January5, 1917. Serial No. 140,572.

and which contains the nozzle t'orrns a. car-- bui-eter oi' conventionaltyiiie,

lllhether the remainder oli the horizontal branch and a part ot thevertical branch of the ir-shaped tube shall be regarded as a part ot thecarburetor or a part oil" the inlet con- 'duit ot the engine seems to bea. matter ot Words. l prefer to assume that the carbureter constitutesonly a part ol the horizontal branch as stated, and that the remainderot aid horizontal branch and the vertical brai'ufh are parts ot theinlet ronduit ot the engine, because they are parts ot the passagewaythrough which the charge mixture, tol-ined iu the carbureter, as abovedefined., by the delivery ot' fuel spray into the air stream, is carriedto the charge mixture distributing,` passages ot' the engine. With thisunderstandinnY ot the intended dehnition of the Words used, a furtherdescription ot the device will be proceeded with.

The outer corner ot the juncture between the horizontal and verticalbranches ot the l..shaped tube is cut away, and over the hole soproduced is fastened a part ot the exhaust conduit 2() of' the enginetPart ot the wall ot' said exhaust conduit which is so secured over thishole tornis a partition wall het-Ween the exhaust conduit and saidlfshapecl tube, and extends beneath the lower end of the vertical brauchand across the horizontal branch to torni an'end or closure therefor.

ln the specific construction shown this partition wall has asubstantially horizontal portion 13]' and a substantially verticalportion 13, said horizontal portion being a practically liushcontinuation ot the lower Wall ot' the horizontal branch of said tube.The inner corner ot' the uncture between the vertical andhorizontalihranches is curved shown; Wherefore the cross sectional areaolf this gas passageway at the bend or juncture between the vertical andhorizontal branches is conside ably larger than the cross sectional areaof the carbureter or part ot the horizontal tube adj aeent thereto. The

- fore extends entirely across the end of the horizontal branch of saidhshaped tube, and foiins a closure or end therefor. The charge mixture,inclriding,` the air and' fuel spray formed in the carbureter, will flowin a straight path toward this vertical parti-- tion 13?. The sprayparticles are heavier than the air. Therefore their inertia will tend tocarry them. in' the straight -path and cause tlien to iinpii'ige againstthe hot Wall 131; and this ivi-ll result in their being `heated thatthey Will vaporize. rThe already gaseous part ci the charge mixture, i.e., the air and vaporized fuel, will, however, be deflected around thebend and upward iii`-` the vertical branch l0, and very little ol? itwill come in Contact ,vith 'the hot wall i3 or the hot bottriii'i welli3". The fact that this L-shaped tube' of larger diameter iii that partthereoi which has the partitions 13 and 13b as a part otitis i'vall thanthe horizontal adjacent. part of the tube, will cause a sudden reductioniii the velocity of this gaseous part of the charge iniiztnre. Thissudden reduction i iii largely deprive the stream ciI its iioiver todeflect the heavier spray particles, and will leave them Substantiallytree to obey the law which carries them forward in a straight path,wherefore they will ,iinpinge ag inst the hot plate lll above stated. itany ci these spray particles are inlluencedby grafi'- ity and tall outoi? the moving air stream they Awill fall down upon the hotsubstantially horizontal plate 13b, und will be thereby vaporized; oril)v any oi? these particles are deflected into the vertical branch] ofthis tube and condense upon will flow by gravity downward,

all they and will. either flow down onto the vertical hot Wall 13a ordrop upon the horizontal hot wall ll and be thereby vapor-ized. y

Therefore `these hot walls .1l-ln, 13", will serve to heat and.'apz'irize substantially all of the sprayparticles of fuel containedin. the charge mixture, but they will not iiiucli heat any other part oithe. charge mixture, In order to prevent the spread of heat from thewalls lil", 13'", lo the adjacent parts of the Walls ot' the air tube,said walls "la" land 13b are heat insulated from the latter:I

This heat insulation may grow out oi" the mere fact that there is ajoint between them and the L-shaped tube, altlie i it will be producedin i higiher and more itisfactory degree by including between thoseparte gasket 26 of asbestos or seine other heat non-conducting material.

lt `will be noted that the shape cix the horizontal tube in the part.theieot' formed bf the Wall 18 is not exaetlv horizontal l .f a

but incliiies doiviiwuriil to-a point oil juno ture between the Wallsl-3, 13b, thereby forming a shallow `pocket i3, This particular featureof construction is of value velocity willy i nieuwe in :oiinectioirwiththe startingi'of the engine before the exhaust gases have heated thewalls 13?, lill. some condensation of the liquid fuel in this" pocket.To utilize this a sinall pipe 25,

ln that .event 'there will be open at its lower end, projects intothispocliet. lts upper end is connected in aduct ll in a Wall of thevertical branch 10, Which duct discharges into, said vertical branchJust above the throttle Ivalve 40 therein. When, therefore, the'throttle is nearly closed,

as it will be when Vthe engine isvbeihg started, there will be a highvelocityv of' the ture between the vertical and horizontal tubes, areinsulated f i'om the adjacent walls of the mixturev conduit, and thatcertain advantages are believed to result from this,'

it is not and has not been my intention "to liiiiit the scope oi? theclaims vto this specilic feat-ure ol coiistructon unless 'suchlimitation is plainly expressed7 'Having described my invention, what Iclaim is:

l, claire@ mixture producing device for an internal combustion enginecomprising, in i-oiiilgiination, an l.-shaped tube having an .iivvardlyextended substantially vertical branch tor carrying the charge mixtureto the inlet passage ot' the engine, and a substantially horizontalbranch which is open at one end and is in unobstructed communication atits other end with the lower end of said vertical branch, a ca rburetei'which is connected with said horizontal branch, and :in exhaust conduit,there being a partitionl wall which forms a part, of the exhaust conduitand a part ci the trshaped tube and is extended across and 'forms theend wall ot' the horizontal branch and is also extended beneath thelower end of the'vertical branch.

charge mixture producing device for oi said vertical branch, a fuelnozzle ivhich connected with the source o'lilfuel supply :ind whichdischarges into said horizontal branch, and the' exhaust conduit ,of theengine, there being a partition wall hem-veen. the exhiiust conduit undthe lfehfipeffl tube which partition Well exienrls vbelow the lower endof the verv'ical brunch und across rho horizontal branch to clone theend thereof.

3. ln n Charge producing device ior inlceiL nel combustion engines, thecoinhinntiruiof an L-shapecl tube haring z, esuhshinniully horizontalbrunch, und-u Substantially ven tical brunch for carrying the chargemixture to the gus oli' an inernul ronihustion engine, which L-shnpeiltube husa its outer corner out away, u Curbuiel'erconnected with anddischarging into the horizonhil. branch of said ruhe in the direetiiinof the length thereof and iou'ard ilie hereinafter mentioned verticalWall whiol. exizenrls across and forms the end of he horizontul branchof said h-slluped ruhe, he exhaustconduit oic the assooiatofl engine,"which oonduit is connected with soi-cl L-.fshn1 uil ruhe lo close theopening- {Av the outer cori' r thereof, seid efihuust conduit hai/ingrzi, s ntiully vertical Wall which exenfls ecro, a, rd. lorrns Jaloe endof the horizontui hrzinriz anni 'L- ehaped tube, :nifl a, Subsmninllyiporfmintzil wolliwhich is o Suhstaniul ooniinuuion of the lower wall ofthe horimonhii hrrinrh orf airl tube and forms Jhe lower end of rho Ver'wil brunch of said tuhe,

4. In e, ehm-ge producing internal combustion engines, nation of an-shapecl who h ving stentially horizontal hruneln @nu a su ifs' chillyvertical branch for mixture to the oi a he ohzirge n interna-lcombustion. engine, 'Whioh hoped ruhe has its outer corner cui; away., eearhureier connected Wirh and. disehnrging into the horizontal branch ofwho in ,the rliree- `ion of the length thereof and directed to werd thevertical Wall which :i purr off' 'the exhaust manifold and which exenflsmorons l and foi-.ins the end of the horieontul lnfunoh of the hshupeflruhe, the exhaust conduit of the associated engine, which eouriui is comnected Ywith saicl L-shopecl 'who to close fhe opening at A[he outercorner tl if; said e3-1- hz'iust conduit hui/ing a substantiallyvertical wall which eziencls'acrose sind forms; the end of thehorizontal brunch oi2 Suid lfohapecl tube, and u substantiallyhorizontal wall which is a substantial continueion of Che lower Wall ofthe horizontal brunch of said tube and forms the lower enrlL or' theverlionl branch`of said tube, and a flashen oi insulgiting materialintergosecl between. :will L- shaped uloe und exhaust conduit to nevenlthe spread of heat from the laitier 5o the former.

ln o charge producing device for internal combustion ou-inea1 theComlfiinurion of un Lehupefl uhe having o s'slruigha suhstnu tiullyhorizontal brauch and :i sul'ifxftanially vertical branch for carryingthe chin-ge mix*- zure *zo the gus of an inornal corn engine, whichl.-shupecl tube is formed 'without un outside Corner at he insiemi-e ofi'ericul und horizontal branches, ond ou exluuisit conduit secured toseid 5...-Sluiperl tube und haring part oi' 'its' Wall formed to lit undclose the open Corner thereof.

li. .ln zi ehnrgge producing; ile'iico for inneri-oni oonihustionengines? the combination'75 oil' an -Shuperl ruhe having n straightsu'og stungially horizontal brunch and a Substanr illy yeriioz l brunchfor carrying 'the charge niix'i'ure to he inle passages of :in internalcombustion engine, which tube is formed :ro Without un outside cornerni: the juncturr or v les verri fel unil, horizontal branches, a ourhureler connor-ted with the horizontal brunch oif Suid lfrihfiloeil tubaon exhaust cmuluit-` which separeliily oonneoliecl with Suid ruhe S5 oopen rorner thereof :incl has u vertimi wall which is located at thatowl of said horizontal tuhe Cowerd which ehe carburetor pri'irluotefior; und whirh serres is n 1mriigion between the fsf-.iii [tube andexhaust 9o (init, und haring un zipgroxinmtely hori- Zonul our @lightlyinclinorl Wall which isn Hush eo nunlzion of the lower-Wall of Said. hoizouiul 'branch and which .is integral Wih the said verirul wail of saidexhaust Con- '95 duit und incomes downwardly loovvarrl the simio, eihrottle valve loo-ated in the ver'nioal brunch of the belief 'nfl uhe,una o, small tube wiiirh al; its lower end projoctn into the pocket atthe juninnre oi" hevertioui and 10o downwardly inclined Wall. of theohausl conduit und. al', ini upper and communieues willi the verticalliranoh ol the lg-Shopod tube obo 'the tl'irottle Volvo T. ln :i charge'produeing devine 'for inei 105 nul combustion enginesp the combinationof y :in fshuped tubo having' un upwardly ein enrling charge deliveringbrunch adapted for connection wih the ius pussnges ofthe i engine, and esirnight charge mixture form 1m info;n hrnneh which extends in udirection substantially :it right unglesto the charge de liveringhruncinwithe external angle at the junction of rhone tiro branches beingsuhstentiuliy u righ angle, und the internal lWad] at said junoion beingin the forni of a Wide curve7 whereby Jdie cross Sectional urea of thetulle at said juncture is: 'increased as; eonipared with the crosssectional area of the adjacent puri; of the charge forming branch, meanswhorerv exhaust from the engine is caused to Contact with and hem; thosepurr@ of Ehe Woll ol Suid. tube which constitues the ouleicle angle ofsaid juncture und @friend noi-oss the end ol the charge 'forming brunchand below unil across the loner mul o'lf the charge delivering bruinen*fh@ charge 'forming branch haring an air in` let, und ineens located.between Said air inlet und Suid juncure of the two branches for de--livering fuel into the said charge forming brancl k 8. In a chargeproducing devicefo'r internal combustion engines, the combination of anL-shaped tube having a substantially vertical branch for carrying thevcharge mii;- tui-e to the inlet passages of an internal coinbustionengine and a substantially vstraight horizontal branch, a carbureterWhich is c0nnected ywith said horizontal branch and has a fuel dischargejet opening located sub-V stantially axially in said horizontal branch,the outside corner of said tube at the junction ot its vertical andhorizontal branches being formed of a Wall which extends beneath andforms the bottoni oi the lower end of the vertical branch, and extendsacross and forms the end of the horizontal branch, and an exhaustconduit of which said wall isa part. In a charge producingdevice'forinternal combustion engines, the combinationy of an L-shaped tube havingasubstantially Vertical branch for carrying the charge mix` ture to theinlet passages of an internal conil bustion engine and a substantiallystraight horizontal charge mixture forming branch, the exhaust conduitof said engine,-there being a partition wall between the exhaust conduitand said lL-shaped tube forming a part ci" the L-shaped tube and a partof the exhaust conduit, which partition wall extends across and formsthe end ot the horizontal branch and also extends beneath and formsthebottomfof the `vertical branch of said L-shaped tube, and acarbureter con-l nected With the other end of said horizontal branch andhaving a fuel discharge jet opening which is located substantiallyaxially Withinsaidvhorizontal branch. i "4' v10. In a charge producingdevice' for in-v ternal combustion engines, the combination of anL-shaped tube having a substantially Vertical `branch for carrying thechargeinixi.

ture to the inlet passa-ges of 4an'inte'rnal coin-4 bustion engine Yanda substantially straight horizontal charge mixture forming branch,

the exhaust conduit of said engine,-there being a partition Wall betweenthe exhaustA conduitanol saidL-shaped tube forming a part of theL-shaped tube and apart of .said f exhaust conduit, which partition Wallextends across and forms the end of the liorii zontal branch and alsoextends beneath and `toi-ins the bottom of thevertical branch of saidL-shaped tube, a cai'bureter connected with .the other end of saidvhorizontal branch and having a fuel discharge jet opening l0- catedsubstantially axially Within said horizontal branch,A and a throttleValve located in

